Although dried plant material is typically used for isolation of EO, plant cells still contain some amount of moisture, which serves as a target for microwave heating. Due to the constant change in the direction of the electric wave the molecules will constantly try to realign themselves, producing kinetic energy and frictional force from collision of adjacent molecules which generates heat. Dipole molecules tend to align themselves with the electric field to be in the appropriate phase. These interactions are mainly due to two main phenomena occurring simultaneously: ion conduction and dipole rotation. Microwave heating depends on direct electromagnetic interactions with polar solvents/materials. In contrast, conventional heating is based on conduction and convection, while part of the heat could be lost. The application of microwave as an energetic vector is defined by the property of materials to absorb a portion of the electromagnetic energy and convert it into thermal energy. Microwave-assisted methods for EO isolation have been developed as desirable processes for use at laboratory and industrial scales. Advanced extraction technologies, e.g., microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (MWHD), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) have emerged as solutions to these drawbacks of traditional methods. Moreover, such extraction procedures are labor-intensive. The main concerns associated with traditional approach are the potential degradation of sensitive compounds and the presence of organic solvent residues in the EO/extract. These traditional methods have several drawbacks in terms of the quality of the extracted EOs. Hydrodistillation (HD) and organic solvent extraction are the old-style methods commonly used for EO extraction. The global demand for mint EO is expected to reach USD 330.2 million by 2025. The “back-to-nature” trend has created a new markets for high-priced organic products EO.
#PEPPERMINT OIL EXTRACT FREE#
Organic production is a practice of sustainable cultivation based on ecological principles through the rational use of natural resources, the consumption of renewable energy sources, the preservation of biodiversity and the protection of the ecosystem.Ĭonsumers tend to choose organically grown products that are free of insecticides, herbicides, artificial stimulants, and other chemicals commonly used in agriculture. The chemical composition of peppermint leaves and oils differs with plant maturity, variety, geographical area, and growing environment. The main constituents are menthol and its derivatives (menthone, isomenthone, menthyl acetate, etc.) and eucalyptol. Peppermint leaves have approximately 1.2–3.9% ( v/ w) of EO with more than 300 compounds detected. Peppermint EO has been found to have antioxidant, antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, and antiparasitic activities. Peppermint oil is among the most valued and extensively used EOs in flavoring of medications and formulations for oral care, chewing gums, cough syrups, sweets, and beverages. Peppermint leaves and their essential oil (EO) have therapeutic properties as a gastric stimulant and carminative. Peppermint ( Mentha piperita L.) is a plant from Lamiaceae family that is cultivated worldwide. According to the corresponding values of statistical parameters, empiric mathematical models were successfully applied to model the kinetics of MWHD and SFE processes.
Different extraction methods and solvent properties affected the lipid extract yield, which ranged from 2.55 to 5.36%. The estimated environmental impact in terms of electricity consumption and CO 2 emissions suggested that MWHD is an energy efficient way to reduce CO 2 emissions. The distillations employed various power settings, and the EO yield varied from 0.15 to 0.80%. Standard Soxhlet and alternatively supercritical fluid (SFE), microwave-assisted, and ultrasound-assisted extraction separated the lipid extracts. Hydrodistillation (HD), a proven conventional method, and a possible alternative in the form of microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (MWHD) have been used to isolate peppermint EO. Increasing awareness of the many beneficial properties of peppermint essential oil (EO) has significantly increased product sales in recent years. Consumers are becoming more mindful of their well-being.
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